Personal wash cleanser comprising defined alkanoyl compounds, defined fatty acyl isethionate surfactant product and skin or hair benefit agent delivered in flocs upon dilution

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to super mild surfactant systems used in combination with skin or hair benefit agent. Specifically, surfactant systems comprise a combination of specific alkanoyls or mixtures of alkanoyl surfactants with specifically identified fatty acyl isethionate product to provide synergy which reduces irritation (as measured by Patch Testing) so greatly that it is comparable to mildness which normally can be only achieved using very great amounts of benefit agent (e.g., emollient). Use of benefit agent reduces irritation even further.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to compositions comprising both super mildsurfactant composition and skin or hair benefit agent delivered in theform of flocs. These compositions are for use in personal care cleanser(e.g., personal care liquid body cleansers or shampoos) applications.The surfactant systems and skin or hair benefit agent provide extremelymild compositions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Personal cleansing compositions which provide cleansing and personalcare benefits are known in the art, for example, liquid cleansingmarket. In order to achieve superior mild and moisturizing skin benefit,very high levels (generally higher than 30% by wt. of liquidcompositions) of emollient oils are used in leading marketedmoisturizing compositions (e.g., Dove® Cream Oil or Olay® Ribbon bodywash compositions).

There has been a continuous effort to provide skin care benefits frompersonal skin/hair cleanser compositions, for example, by deliveringever increasing amounts of benefit agents such as silicone oil,petrolatum and triglyceride oils from such cleansers. Some products useemollient oils as high as 50% by wt. or more of the composition.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,612,307 to Chambers et al. discloses, for example, useof a single package containing separate stripe of cleansing agents andbenefit agents where benefit agent is as high as 50% of the package inorder to deliver sufficient benefit agent for efficient skinmoisturizing and conditioning. Delivery of benefit requires specialpackaging, complicated processing and high levels of benefit agent.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,965,500 to Puvvada discloses liquid compositions wherethe level of emollient exceeds the level of surfactant.

Other references also require very high level of skin benefit agent todeliver skin care benefits (U.S. Publication No. 2005/0100570 A1; U.S.Publication No. 2005/0143268 A1; U.S. Publication No. 2006/0079420 A1,all to Procter & Gamble). The benefit of using very mild surfactantsystems of our invention in combination with benefit agent is notrecognized. Means of ensuring benefit agent deposition in compositionsof our invention are also not disclosed.

Accordingly, there is a need for personal cleanser compositions (e.g.,liquid cleansers) which have even milder surfactant systems used incombination with oils as well as means for ensuring deposition of theoils.

Unpredictably, applicants have found that this aim can be achieved usingthe exceptionally mild surfactant compositions of the invention. It isextremely surprising that the overall level of surfactant can beincreased (relative to different systems) while also increasingmildness. Using surfactant systems in combination with skin or hairbenefit agent (particularly delivered in the form of flocs upondilution), as per the invention, it is possible to achieve significantmildness (as defined in standard Patch Test as disclosed, for example,in Protocol below). This can be done even using much lower levels (e.g.,30% or less) of the types of occlusive emollient oils (e.g., petrolatum,silicone) typically used for providing mildness benefits. At higherlevels the effect is that much milder.

Various other mild cleanser compositions have been claimed. Variousreferences to Johnson & Johnson claim compositions comprising modifiedacrylic copolymers and common anionic surfactants such as sodiumtrideceth sulfate (U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,119,059; 7,098,180; 7,084,104; U.S.Publication No. 2005/0075256). U.S. Publication No. 2005/0192188 toWagner et al. discloses surfactants with a structured domain comprisingat least 70% of a lamellar phase made using common surfactant mixturessuch as sodium trideceth sulfate and sodium laurylamphoacetate.

Compositions of the subject invention provide benefit agent (deliveredin the form of flocs) and unique surfactant systems (using, for example,alkanoyl glycinate and specified fatty acyl isethionate surfactantproducts), preferably for use in compositions having little to no (e.g.,3% by wt. or less, preferably 2% by wt. or less) alkyl sulfatesurfactants (e.g., sodium alkyl sulfate, sodium alkyl ether sulfate),which are common to many cleanser compositions.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

More specifically, the personal invention provides novel, super mildpersonal cleanser (preferably liquid personal cleanser) compositionscomprising:

-   -   (a) 1 to 30%, preferably 2 to 25%, more preferably 3 to 20% by        wt. of a surfactant system comprising:        -   1) 20 to 85%, preferably 30 to 75% by wt. surfactant system            of an alkanoyl surfactant selected from the group consisting            of alkanoyl glycinate, alkanoyl sarcosinate and mixtures            thereof, wherein the alkyl group on the alkanoyl chain is C₈            to C₂₀, preferably C₁₂ to C₁₆ straight chain alkyl (e.g.,            lauroyl, cocoyl or myristoyl glycinate). Preferably this            component comprises at least alkanoyl glycinate although, as            noted, alkanoyl sarcosinate alone and mixtures of alkanoyl            glycinate and alkanoyl sarcosinate are contemplated; cocoyl            glycinate is a particularly preferred component.        -   2) 5 to 70% surfactant system of a fatty acyl isethionate            product which product comprises 40 to 80% (of the product)            fatty acyl isethionate and 15 to 50% (of the product) free            fatty acid and/or fatty acid salt/soap (the product may also            comprise isethionate salts, typically present at less than            5% of the product and may further comprise traces, e.g.,            typically less than 2% of product, of other impurities); and        -   (3) 1 to 60% by wt. skin or hair benefit agent with particle            size in the range of 0.01 to 30 microns (i.e., micrometers).        -   (4) 0.1 to 1.5% cationic polymer (necessary for floc            formation)        -   (5) 3% or less of lauric acid (minimized so as to not impede            floc formation);            wherein liquid cleansing composition forms cationic            polymer/benefit agent flocs with length of 5 micrometer or            longer, preferably from 10 to several hundred micrometers            upon dilution of the cleansing composition with 50 times of            more of water.

In addition, greater than 25% and less than 45% of the fatty acylisethionate (2) is of chain length (referring to the alkyl chaindefining the fatty acyl) of greater than or equal to C₁₆; and greaterthan 50%, preferably greater than 60% of the chain length of free fattyacid and fatty acid soap groups combined are of chain length C₁₆ to C₂₀.These chain length ranges are important for providing lather andmildness of resulting fatty acyl isethionate product. These criticallydefined fatty acid isethionate products (which applicants describe inapplicants' copending application, U.S. Ser. No. 12/577,425 to Tsaurfiled Oct. 12, 2009) and defined alkanoyl surfactants synergisticallyreact to form unique ultra mild surfactant systems of the invention.When further combined with skin or hair benefit agent, particularlydelivered in the form of flocs, super mild compositions are made.

Compositions meeting requirements of invention will have irritationscore in a Patch Test as % of the same irritation result using 5%solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) of less than 90% SDS,preferably 75% or less of SDS score, more preferably 70% or less, morepreferably 65% or less and more preferably 60% or less of the SDSirritation score.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compositions comprisingthe novel mild surfactant system and skin or hair benefit agent(s) notedabove have 3% or less and preferably 2% or less, more preferably 1% orless of an alkyl sulfate anionic (e.g., sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodiumlauryl ether sulfate). In one embodiment, the composition will havesubstantially no (e.g., 0.2% or less by wt., preferably none whatsoeverexcept for possible impurities) alkyl sulfate anionic.

In another preferred embodiment, surfactant compositions of theinvention (comprising 1 to 30% of personal cleanser) will comprise (1)20 to 85% alkanoyl surfactant; (2) 5 to 70% isethionate product asdefined; (3) 20 to 80%, preferably 30 to 70% surfactant system of anamphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant (e.g., betaine and/oramphoacetate; (4) 1 to 60% skin or hair benefit agent; (5) 3% or less,and preferably substantially no, anionic and nonionic surfactant otherthan (1) and (2) as defined above in the personal cleanser composition(e.g., other than alkanoyl surfactant and isethionate product of (1) and(2)). Even when the amount of total anionic is closer to 3% in thisembodiment, most preferably the amount of alkyl sulfate (alkyl sulfatecomponent of the additional anionic) specifically should be minimized asnoted in the embodiment above, e.g., it should comprise 1% or less ofalkyl sulfate surfactant and, preferably, be absent.

In addition to having any anionic and nonionic surfactant be a maximum3% by wt. of total liquid composition, the anionic and nonionic shouldbe less than 30% of the total amount of glycinate, sarconsinate,isethionate product, amphoteric and zwitterionic in the composition. Inother words, 3% of total cleanser composition or 30% of surfactantsnoted in immediately preceding sentence, whichever is lower, is themaximum total of anionic, nonionic surfactant present.

Finally, compositions of the present invention comprise cationic polymerto help deposition of skin or hair benefit agent (e.g., throughformation of benefit agent/polymer floc). However, since lauric acid isfound to interact with isethionate product and interfere with formationof skin or hair benefit agent/polymer flocs, applicants have found thatthere is a cap on the upper level of lauric acid used.

These and other aspects, features and advantages will become apparent tothose of ordinary skill in the art from a reading of the followingdetailed description and the appended claims. For the avoidance ofdoubt, any feature of one aspect of the present invention may beutilized in any other aspect of the invention. It is noted that theexamples given in the description below are intended to clarify theinvention and are not intended to limit the invention to those examplesper se. Other than in the experimental example, or where otherwiseindicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients or reactionconditions used herein are to be understood as modified in all instancesby the term “about”. Similarly, all percentages are weight/weightpercentages of the total composition unless otherwise indicated.Numerical ranges expressed in the format “from x to y” are understood toinclude x and y. When for a specific feature multiple preferred rangesare described in the format “from x to y” it is understood that allranges combining the different endpoints are also contemplated. Wherethe term “comprising” is used in the specification or clams, it is notintended to exclude any terms, steps or features not specificallyrecited. All temperatures are in degrees Celsius (° C.) unless specificotherwise. All measurements are in SI units unless specified otherwise.All documents cited are—in relevant part—incorporated herein byreference.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to novel, super mild compositions used inpersonal care cleanser compositions such as, for example, liquidcleansers or shampoos. Using both mild surfactant compositions and skinor hair benefit agent as defined by the invention, it is possible toachieve extremely mild compositions (measured, for example, by standardPatch testing) on par or better than compositions which do not use thesame surfactant systems and which use significantly higher levels ofskin or hair benefit agent to provide mildness benefit. As such, theinvention provides a method for enhancing mildness to obtain compositioncomparable in mildness to compositions using great amounts of, forexample, emollient oil to provide same benefit by specific selection ofsuper mild surfactant systems. Further, where applicants use higheramounts of benefit agent, benefits are even further enhanced.

The present invention relates to personal care cleanser compositionscomprising:

-   -   (a) 1 to 30% by wt., preferably 2 to 25%, more preferably 3 to        20% by wt. of a surfactant system comprising:        -   1) 20 to 85%, preferably 30 to 75% by wt. of surfactant            system of alkanoyl surfactant selected from the group            consisting of alkanoyl glycinate, alkanoyl sarconsinate and            mixtures thereof, wherein alkyl chain on the alkanoyl is C₈            to C₂₀ alkyl chain;        -   2) 5 to 70%, preferably 10 to 60% by wt. surfactant system            of a fatty acyl isethionate product which product comprises            40 to 80% fatty acyl isethionate and 15 to 50% free fatty            acid and/or soap wherein greater than 20% and less than 40%            fatty acyl isethionate has chain length greater than or            equal to C₁₆ and greater than 50% of fatty acid and/or soap            has chain length greater than or equal to C₁₆ to C₂₄; and        -   3) 1 to 60% by wt. skin or hair benefit agent with particle            size in the range of 0.01 to 30 microns.        -   4) 0.1 to 1.5% cationic polymer; and        -   5) 3% or less, preferably 2% or less of lauric acid;            wherein the liquid cleansing composition forms cationic            polymer/benefit agent flocs with length of 5 micrometer or            longer, preferably 10 or longer upon dilution of the            cleansing composition with 50 times or more of water.

While mixtures of alkanoyl glycinate and alkanoyl sarcosinate arecontemplated, in a preferred form, the compositions comprise alkanoylglycinate only or at least predominantly (at greater than 50%,preferably greater than 60%, more preferably 75% or greater of themixture of the glycinate and sarcosinate). Broadly in this embodiment,the ratio of alkanoyl glycinate to alkanol sarcosinate may be from atleast 1/3 to 1/0 (e.g., from at least one-quarter of mixture to allglycinate). As noted, preferably the mixture is predominantly alkanoylglycinate.

In preferred embodiments discussed below, the compositions have littleor substantially no alkyl sulfate. In another embodiment, compositionshave little or no anionic and nonionic surfactant and add other than (1)and (2). Compositions may further preferably comprise amphoteric and/orzwitterionic.

According to the subject application, the composition comprises lauricacid, but level of lauric acid is no higher than 3%, preferably 2.5%,most preferably 2.0% by wt. or less to avoid interference with flocswhich formed from the interaction of skin or hair benefit agent andpolymer (e.g., formed when cationic deposition polymers are used).

Each of these embodiments is discussed in more detail below, togetherwith other ingredients which may be used in the compositions of theinvention.

Mild Anionic Surfactant Combination

The first required components of the surfactant system are alkanoylsurfactants which can be alkanoyl glycinates, alkanoyl sarcosinates ormixtures thereof. The alkyl group is C₈ to C₂₀, preferably C₁₂ to C₁₆straight chain alkyl.

Preferred surfactants include cocoyl, lauroyl or myristoyl glycinate andcocoyl, lauroyl or myristoyl sarcosinates. A preferred compositioncomprises use of only alkanoyl glycinate, e.g., cocoyl glycinate.

A second required component of the mild surfactant system is fatty acylisethionate product. It was surprising to find that a combination offatty acyl isethionate product and alkanoyl surfactant(s) lead toenhanced mildness of the cleanser compositions as measured by patch testand LCAT tests described in the protocol section. There is an unexpectedsynergy between the two.

The preferred fatty acyl isethionate product comprises (in addition toother components) both pure fatty acyl isethionate surfactant (e.g., 40to 80% of the product) as well as free fatty acid and/or fatty acid salt(e.g., 15 to 50%). In addition, greater than 20%, preferably greaterthan 25% of the fatty acyl isethionate and less than 45 wt. % are ofchain length greater than or equal to C₁₆; and greater than 50%,preferably greater than 60% of the free fatty acid/soap is of chainlength C₁₆ to C₂₀.

The fatty acyl isethionate surfactant component is typically prepared bythe reaction of an isethionates salt such as alkali metal isethionatesand an aliphatic fatty acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms and Iodine Value(measuring degree of unsaturation) of less than 20 g, for example:HOR₁SO₃M+RCOOH→RCOOR₁SO₃H

where R₁ is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 2 to 4 carbons;

-   M is alkali metal cation or metal ion (e.g., sodium, magnesium,    potassium, lithium), ammonium or substituted ammonium cation or    other counterion; and-   R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 7 to 24, preferably 8    to 22 carbons.

Depending on the processing conditions used, the resulting fatty acylisethionate product can be a mixture of 40 to 80% by weight of fattyacyl isethionates (which formed from the reaction) and 50 to about 15wt. %, typically 40 to 20 wt. % of free fatty acids. In addition productmay contain isethionates salts which are present typically at levelsless than 5 wt. %, and it may contain traces (less than 2 wt. %) ofother impurities. Preferably, a mixture of aliphatic fatty acids is usedfor the preparation of commercial fatty acyl isethionates surfactants.The resulting fatty acyl isethionate surfactants (e.g., resulting fromreaction of alkali metal isethionate and aliphatic fatty acid) shouldhave more than 20 wt. %, preferably more than 25%, but no more than 40%wt., preferably 35% (on basis of fatty acyl isethionates reactionproduct) of fatty acyl group with 16 or greater carbon atoms to provideboth lather and mildness of the resulting fatty acyl isethionateproduct. These longer chain fatty acyl isethionate surfactants and fattyacids, i.e. fatty acyl group and fatty acid with 16 or more carbons,form insoluble surfactant/fatty acid crystals typically in water atambient temperatures. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it isbelieved that these long chain fatty acyl isethionate surfactants in theproduct together with free long chain fatty acids in the productcontribute to the mildness of the fatty acyl isethionate product forskin cleanser applications.

Examples of commercial fatty acyl isethionate products that areparticularly useful in the subject invention are DEFI flakes and Dove®cleansing bar noodles produced by Unilever. DEFI (Direct Esterificationof Fatty Isethionate) flakes typically contain about 68 to 80 wt. % ofsodium fatty acyl isethionate and 15 to 30 wt. % free fatty acid. Morethan 25 wt. % and no more than 35% of fatty acyl group of the resultingfatty acyl isethionate have 16 to 18 carbon atoms. Dove® cleansing barnoodles are mixtures of DEFI flakes described above and long chain(mainly C₁₆ and C₁₈) fatty acid and fatty soap which contain about 40 to55 wt. % of fatty acyl isethionate and 30 to 40 wt. % of fatty acid andfatty soap. Due to the high level of long chain (16 or more carbons)fatty acyl isethionate and fatty acid, these preferred fatty acylisethionate surfactant products are extremely mild and have very goodemollient benefits to the skin.

A key aspect of the present invention is that the mild surfactant systemselected should be milder than a 0.5% solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) measured using the Patch Test method described in the product.Either surfactant mixture of fully formulated liquid composition may beused although fully formulated liquid is preferred. As noted, surfactantsystem that can be used for the application of this invention should besignificantly less irritating to the skin than a 0.5 wt. % SDS solution.According to the definition, the comparison is made using a cumulativeirritation score. This is defined in the Patch Test method as havingless than 90%, preferably less than 85%, most preferably less than 80%of the cumulative irritation score of the 0.5 wt. % SDS control solution(the higher the score, the more irritating). Surfactant systems thatmeet the mildness criteria are found to cause less damage to the skinduring the use of a product. This makes it possible either to deliversuperior skin repair and conditioning benefits without the need ofincorporating extremely high level of emollient oils as required incurrent leading skin care body washes as shown in the examples disclosedin this invention; or to add equal amounts of oil and provide superioreffects. Liquid cleanser compositions that meet the criteria describedabove deliver similar to or better than a high petrolatum-containing(greater than 45 wt. %) commercial moisturizing body wash, e.g., Olay®Butter Ribbon, using 30 wt. %, or even as low as 10 wt. % of petrolatum.

In order to ensure that this level of mildness is achieved, it isrequired that there be no more than a maximum amount of certain specificanionics; or maximum amount of combined anionic and nonionic surfactant(other than components (1) and (2)) present in the composition of theinvention.

In particular, the compositions preferably have 3% or less, preferably,2% or less, more preferably 1% or less of any alkyl sulfate anionicincluding alkyl sulfates such as sodium dodecyl sulfates or alkoxylatedsulfates such as lauryl ether sulfate. In a preferred embodiment, thecompositions will have 0.2% or less anionic surfactant and, inparticular 0.2% or less alkyl sulfate.

In another preferred embodiment, the compositions comprise (1) 20 to 85%of surfactant system alkanoyl surfactant; (2) 5 to 70% of surfactantsystem isethionate product as defined above, (3) 20 to 80%, preferably30 to 70% of surfactant system amphoteric and/or zwitterionicsurfactant; (4) 1 to 60% skin or hair benefit agent, and (5) 3% or lessanionic and nonionic altogether (other than is in (1) and (2) in thecleanser composition).

Another way to define substantial absence of anionic and nonionicsurfactant is that the sum of the two must comprise 30% or less of totalamount of glycinate, sarcosinate, isethionate product, amphoteric andzwitterionic present. Total anionic and nonionic is therefore 3% or lessof total composition, or 30% or less of total surfactants noted inprevious sentence, whichever is lower.

While the amount of anionic and nonionic surfactant used is constrainedas noted above, examples of surfactants which can be used are notedbelow.

The anionic surfactant may be, for example, an aliphatic sulfonates,such as a primary alkane (e.g., C₈-C₂₂) sulfonates, primary alkane(e.g., C₈-C₂₂) disulfonate, C₈-C₂₂ alkene sulfonate, C₈-C₂₂hydroxyalkane sulfonate or alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate (AGS); or anaromatic sulfonate such as alkyl benzene sulfonate.

The anionic may also be an alkyl sulfate (e.g., C₁₂-C₁₈ alkyl sulfate)or alkyl ether sulfate (including alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates). Amongthe alkyl ether sulfates are those having the formula:RO(CH₂CH₂O)nSO₃Mwherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 18 carbons, preferably 12to 18 carbons, n has an average value of greater than at least 0.5,preferably between 2 and 3; and M is a solubilizing cation such assodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium.

The anionic may also be alkyl sulfosuccinates (including mono- anddialkyl, e.g., C₆-C₂₂ sulfosuccinates); fatty acyl taurates, fatty acylamino acids other than lauroyl and cocoyl glycinate or sarcosinate,alkyl sulfoacetates, C₈-C₂₂ alkyl phosphates, alkyl phosphate esters andalkoxyl alkyl phosphate esters, acyl lactates, C₈-C₂₂ monoalkylsuccinates and maleates, and fatty acyl isethionates.

Another class of anionics is carboxylates such as follows:R—(CH₂CH₂O)nCO₂M

wherein R is C₈ to C₂₀ alkyl; n is 0 to 10; and M is as defined above.

Another carboxylate which can be used is amido alkyl polypeptidecarboxylates such as, for example, Monteine LCQ® by Seppic.

The nonionic surfactants which may be used include in particular thereaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactivehydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone orwith propylene oxide. Specific nonionic detergent compounds are alkyl(C₆-C₂₂) phenols-ethylene oxide condensates, the condensation productsof aliphatic (C₈-C₁₈) primary or secondary linear or branched alcoholswith ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxidewith the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Otherso-called nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary amineoxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulphoxides.

The nonionic may also be a sugar amide, such as a polysaccharide amide.Specifically, the surfactant may be one of the lactobionamides describedin U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,279 to Au et al. which is hereby incorporated byreference or it may be one of the sugar amides described in U.S. Pat.No. 5,009,814 to Kelkenberg, hereby incorporated into the subjectapplication by reference.

Preferred alkyl polysaccharides are alkylpolyglycosides of the formula:

R ²O(C_(n)H_(2n)0)_(t)(glycosyl)_(x)

wherein R² is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl,hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which alkylgroups contain from about 10 to about 18, preferably from about 12 toabout 14, carbon atoms; n is 0 to 3, preferably 2; t is form 0 to about10, preferably 0; and x is from 1.3 to about 10, preferably from 1.3 toabout 2.7. The glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose.

The zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants which are used in preferredembodiments of the invention are as noted below.

Zwitterionic surfactants are exemplified by those which can be broadlydescribed as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium,and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straightor branched chain, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituentscontains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains ananionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, orphosphonate. A general formula for these compounds is:

wherein R² contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxyl alkyl radical of fromabout 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxidemoieties and from 0 to about 1 glyceryl moiety; Y is selected from thegroup consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur atoms; R³ is analkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group containing about 1 to about 3 carbonatoms; X is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom, and 2 when Y is a nitrogen orphosphorus atom; R⁴ is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of from about 1 toabout 4 carbon atoms and Z is a radical selected from the groupconsisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate, andphosphate groups.Examples of such surfactants include:

-   4-[N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-octadecylammonio]-butane-1-carboxylate;-   5-[S-3-hydroxypropyl-S-hexadecylsulfonio]-3-hydroxypentane-1-sulfate;-   3-[P,P-diethyl-P-3,6,9-trioxatetradexocylphosphonio]-2-hydroxypropane-1-phosphate;

Amphoteric surfactants which may be used in this invention include atleast one acid group. This may be a carboxylic or a sulphonic acidgroup. They include quaternary nitrogen and therefore are quaternaryamido acids. They should generally include an alkyl or alkenyl group of7 to 18 carbon atoms. They will usually comply with an overallstructural formula:

where R¹ is alkyl or alkenyl of 7 to 18 carbon atoms;

R² and R³ are each independently alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl of1 to 3 carbon atoms;

n is 2 to 4;

m is 0 to 1;

X is alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms optionally substituted withhydroxyl, and

Y is —CO₂— or —SO₃—

Alkylamphoacetates and dialkylamphoacetates are also intended to becovered among possible amphoteric compounds which may be used.

Examples of suitable amphoteric surfactants are alkyl betaines;amidoalkyl betaines; amphocarboxylate derivatives such as (mono or di)alkylamphoacetate; and amidoalkyl sultains.

Cocamidopropybetaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, lauryl betaine,coco-betaine, lauroamphoacetate, cocoamphoacetate, cocoamphopropionate,lauryl hydroxysultaine and cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactantsare particularly useful and preferred for this application.

In one preferred embodiment, claimed in the subject application, thecompositions seek to deliver skin or hair benefit agent (in particularpetrolatum for skin and silicone oil for hair, for example) in the mildsurfactant compositions (to ensure low mildness scores measured, forexample, by Patch Test) through use of small skin or hair benefit agentparticles in combination with cationic polymer combined with minimizinguse of lauric acid. This is described below.

There are at least two possible ways to deliver skin or hair benefitagent onto the skin or hair during the use of the products. In theclaimed invention, benefit agent is delivered through the interaction ofsmall skin or hair benefit agent particles with cationic polymers. Inthis case the skin or hair benefit agent particles in the liquidcomposition should be in the range of 0.01 to 30 micrometers. Upondilution of the liquid composition with water at 50 times or more, i.e.,during use of the liquid product, these small particles interact withcationic polymers to form aggregates of benefit agent/polymer flocs withaggregate length of from 5, preferably from 10 up to several hundredsmicrometers. Cationic polymer such as modified polysaccharides includingcationic guar available from Rhone Poulenc under the trade name Jaguar®C13S, Jaguar® C14S, Jaguar® C17, or Jaguar® C16; BF® Guar C17 fromLamberti, Aqua D4091® or Aqua D4051® from Aqualon; cationic modifiedcellulose such as UCARE Polymer JR 30® or JR 40® from Amerco are usefulfor this application. Level of cationic polymer in the liquidcomposition is from 0.01% to 1.5%. Formation of benefit agent/polymeraggregates with length from 5 to several hundreds micrometers upondilution with water is critical for efficient delivery of benefit agentonto the skin. Applicants found that the benefit agent/polymer flocformation is sensitive to the liquid composition containing fatty acylisethionate surfactant product of our invention, especially to the levelof extra lauric acid added into the liquid. To ensure efficient deliveryof benefit agent using cationic polymer as deposition aid, the amount oflauric acid added to the liquid for better liquid properties such asviscosity and lather) should be minimized. In general, extra lauric acidadded into liquids of this invention using cationic polymer asdeposition aid for skin or hair benefit agent (e.g., emollient oil)should be no more than 3.0 wt. %, preferably no more than 2.5 wt. %,most preferably no more than 2.0 wt %.

A preferred skin or hair benefit agent for the application of thisinvention is for skin petrolatum and for hair is silicone. The totalamount of skin or hair benefit agent in the composition of thisinvention can be 1 to 60 wt. %, preferably 2 to 50 wt. %, morepreferably 3 to 35 wt. %.

Other nutrients and moisturizers are noted below.

One class of ingredients is nutrients used to moisturize and strengthen,for example, the skin. These include:

-   -   (a) vitamins such as vitamin A and E, and vitamin alkyl esters        such as vitamin C alkyl esters;    -   (b) lipids such as cholesterol, cholesterol esters, lanolin,        sucrose esters, and pseudo-ceramides;    -   (c) liposome forming materials such as phospholipids, and        suitable amphophilic molecules having two long hydrocarbon        chains;    -   (d) essential fatty acids, poly unsaturated fatty acids, and        sources of these materials;    -   (e) triglycerides of unsaturated fatty acids such as sunflower        oil, primrose oil, avocado oil, almond oil;    -   (f) vegetable butters formed from mixtures of saturated and        unsaturated fatty acids such as Shea butter;    -   (g) minerals such as sources of zinc, magnesium, and iron.

A second type of skin benefit agent is a skin conditioner used toprovide a moisturized feel to the skin. Suitable skin conditionersinclude:

-   -   (a) silicone oils, gums and modifications thereof such as linear        and cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes, amino, alkyl, and alkyl aryl        silicone oils;    -   (b) conditioning proteins such as milk proteins, silk proteins        and glutens;    -   (c) emollients such as esters of long chain fatty acids, such as        isopropyl palmitate and cetyl lactate.

A third type of benefit agent is deep cleansing agents. These aredefined here as ingredients that can either increase the sense ofrefreshment immediately after cleansing or can provide a sustainedeffect on skin problems that are associated with incomplete cleansing.Deep cleansing agents include:

-   -   (a) antimicrobials such as        2-hydroxy-,2′,4′-trichlorodiphenylether (DP300),        2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxychlorobenzene (PCMX),        3,4,4′-trichlorocarbanilide (TCC),        3-trifluoromethyl-4,4′-dichlorocarbanilide (TFC), benzoyl        peroxide, zinc salts, tea tree oil;    -   (b) anti-acne agents such as salicylic acid, lactic acid,        glycolic acid, and citric acid, and benzoyl peroxide (also an        antimicrobial agent);    -   (c) oil control agents including sebum suppressants, modifiers        such as silica, titanium dioxide, oil absorbers, such as micro        sponges;    -   (d) astringents including tannins, zinc and aluminum salts,        plant extracts such as from green tea and Witch-hazel        (Hammailes),    -   (e) scrub and exfoliating particles, such as polyethylene        spheres, agglomerated silica, sugar, ground pits, seeds, and        husks such as from walnuts, peach, avocado, and oats, salts;    -   (f) cooling agents such as methanol and its various derivatives        and lower alcohols;    -   (g) fruit and herbal extracts;    -   (h) skin calming agents such as aloe vera    -   (i) essential oils such as jasmine, camphor, white cedar, bitter        orange peel, rye, turpentine, cinnamon, bergamot, citrus unshiu,        calamus, pine, lavender, bay, clove, hiba, eucalyptus, lemon,        starflower, thyme, peppermint, rose, sage, menthol, cineole,        sugenol, citral, citronelle, borneol, linalool, geranoil,        evening primrose, camphor, tymol, spirantol, penene, limonene        and terpenoid oils.

Other benefit agents that can be employed include anti-dandruffcompounds such as zinc pyrithione for shampoo application, anti-agingcompounds, sunscreens, and lightening agents.

When the benefit agent is oil, especially low viscosity oil, it may beadvantageous to pre-thicken it to enhance its delivery. In such case,hydrophobic polymers of the type describe in U.S. Pat. No. 5,804,540(which is incorporated by reference into the subject application) may beused.

Water Soluble Skin Benefit Agents

Water-soluble skin benefit agents is another optional ingredient that ishighly preferred to be include in the liquid compositions of theinvention. A variety of water-soluble skin benefit agents can be usedand the level can be from 0 to 50 weight %, preferably 1 to 30%. Thematerials include, but are not limited to, polyhydroxy alcohols such asglycerin, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, sorbitol, pantenol andsugar; urea, alpha-hydroxy acid and its salt such as glycolic or lacticacid; and low molecular weight polyethylene glycols with molecularweight less than 20,000. Preferred water soluble skin benefit agents foruse in the liquid composition are glycerin and diglycerin.

Water soluble/dispersible polymers are an optional ingredient that ispreferred to be included in the liquid composition of the invention. Thewater soluble/or dispersible polymer can be cationic, anionic,amphoteric or nonionic polymer with molecular weight higher than 100,000Dalton. These polymers are known to increase the viscosity and stabilityof liquid cleanser compositions, to enhance in-use and after-use skinsensory feels, and to enhance lather creaminess and lather stability.When water insoluble skin benefit agent is used in this invention, thewater soluble/dispersible polymers are required to stably suspend theadded skin benefit agents. Amount of polymers used can be in the rangeof 0.1 up to 10 wt. % depending on the composition of the liquidcleansers.

Examples of water soluble/or dispersible polymers useful in the presentinvention include the carbohydrate gums such as cellulose gum,microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose gel, hydroxethyl cellulose,hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethyl orcarboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, guar gum,gum karaya, gum tragacanth, gum Arabic, gum acacia, gum agar, xanthangum and mixtures thereof; modified and non-modified starch granules withgelatinization temperature between 30 to 85° C. and pregelatinzed coldwater soluble starch; polyacrylate; Carbopols; alkaline soluble emulsionpolymer such as Aculyn 28, Aculyn 22 or Carbopol Aqua SF1; cationicpolymer such as modified polysaccharides including cationic guaravailable from Rhone Poulenc under the trade name Jaguar C13S, JaguarC14S, Jaguar C17, or Jaguar C16; BF Guar C17 from Lambert', Aqua D4091or Aqua D4051 from Aqualon; cationic modified cellulose such as UCAREPolymer JR 30 or JR 40 from Amerchol; N-Hance 3000, N-Hance 3196,N-Hance GPX215 or N-Hance GPX 196 from Hercules; synthetic cationicpolymer such as MerQuat 100, MerQuat 280, Merquat 281 and Merquat 550 byNalco; cationic starches, e.g., StaLok® 100, 200, 300 and 400 made byStaley Inc.; cationic galactomannans based on guar gum of Galactasol 800series by Henkel, Inc.; Quadrisect Um-200; and Polyquaternium-24.

In preferred embodiments, the water-soluble/dispersible polymer isnonionic or cationic and use of anionic polymers (e.g., Carbopol®) isminimized. This is because the anionic polymer can react with cationicneeded for floc formation. In turn, additional cationic would have to beused (e.g., to compensate for the amount reacting with anionic) and thiscan increase formulation costs.

In particular, gel forming polymers such as modified or non-modifiedstarch granules, xanthan gum, and cationic guar gum such as Lamberti BFGuar C17, as well as cationic modified cellulose such as UCARE PolymerJR 30® or JR 40® are particularly preferred for this invention.

Other Optional Components

In addition, the compositions of the invention may include 1 to 10% bywt. optional ingredients as follows:

Perfumes; sequestering agents, such as tetra sodiumethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), EHDP or mixtures in an amount of0.01 to 1%, preferably 0.01 to 0.05%; and coloring agents, opacifiersand pearlizers such as zinc striate, magnesium stearate, TiO₂, EGMS(ethylene glycol monostearate) or Lytron 621 (Styrene/Acrylatecopolymer); all of which are useful in enhancing the appearance orcosmetic properties of the product.

The compositions may further comprise antimicrobials such as2-hydroxy-4,2′4′ trichlorodiphenyl ether (DP300); preservatives such asdimethyloldimethylhydantoin (Glydant XL 1000), parabens, sorbic acid,etc.

Antioxidants such as, for example, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) may beused advantageously in amounts of about 0.01% or higher if appropriate.

Polyethylene glycols as conditioners which may be used include:

Polyox WSR-25 PEG 14M Polyox WSR-N-60K PEG 45M, or Polyox WSR-N-750 PEG7M.

Another ingredient which may be included are exfoliants such aspolyoxyethylene beads, walnut shells and apricot seeds.

EXAMPLES Protocol

Patch Test

This was randomized, double-blind study. A sufficient number of subjectswere recruited to ensure that 25 subjects completed the study. The14-day cumulative irritation test was conducted as follows. Patchingoccurred for 14 consecutive days, except on Sundays. Patches applied onSaturday were left in place until Monday, when freshly prepared patcheswere applied. The designated patch test sites were approximately 2 cm×2cm on the intrascapular area of the back. Approximately 0.2 mL of thetest product was placed onto a Parke-Davis Readi-Bandage® occlusivepatch that measured 2 cm×2 cm. Solutions were made by diluting thecleansers to 25% w/w in distilled water. The patch was then applied tothe designated test site. The patches were secured with hypoallergenictape (Scanpor {Allerderm} as needed). A 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) solution was used as the control in the test.

Each day following application, the patches were removed, the sitesevaluated and identical patches reapplied to the same test sites. Allevaluations were made using the following 6-point scoring system:

-   -   0=No evidence of any effect    -   +=Barely perceptible (minimal, faint, uniform or spotty        erythema) numerically equivalent to 0.5    -   1=Mild (pink, uniform erythema covering most of the contact        site)    -   2=Moderate (pink-red, erythema uniform in the entire contact        site)    -   3=Marked (bright red erythema with/without petechiae or papules)    -   4=Severe (deep red erythema with/without vesiculation or        weeping)

If a dermal reaction of 3 or 4 occur with any of the test articles atany point during the study, further patch testing on that subject wasterminated at the test site involved, and the attained score wasassigned to that site for the subsequent scheduled test days.

Cumulative irritation scores, which were the sum of the numericalirritation grades assigned daily during the 14-day test period, werecalculated at the end of the study to compare mildness of the testproducts. Based on the 26 subjects completing the study, the highest“Cumulative Irritation Score” that could be obtained was 1456 (26subjects×14 days×4 [0-4 scoring scale]). The data were statisticallyanalyzed using Tukey-Kramer Comparison, and statistical significance wasdetermined at the 95% confidence level.

LCAT (Leg Controlled Application Technique)

LCAT clinical study was a randomized, double blind incomplete blockdesign with subjects 18-65 years of age (n=49) and was conductedaccording to Standard Protocol #HPC CAT2004 Hill Top-ControlledApplication Technique for Estimating the Relative Mildness of PersonalCleansing Products. The study consisted of a five-day conditioning phasefollowed by either a five-day or a seven-day product application phase.Qualified subjects completed the five-day in-home conditioning phaseusing unscented Dove bar according to their normal wash regime. Duringthe conditioning phase, subjects discontinued use of all moisturizers,lotions, sunscreens, and washing appliances on or near their lower legs.Subjects having dryness scores between 1.5-3.5 and erythema scores of<2.0 at the end of the conditioning phase continued into five-dayproduct application phase.

Each outer lower leg was divided and marked with a skin-marking pen intothree 3 cm diameter test sited, for a total of 6 test sites. Productapplication consisted of two wash sessions per day, morning andafternoon at least 3-hour apart, for days 1 to 4 or 1 to 6, and one washsession at morning on the fifth or seventh day respectively for five dayor seven day product application study. Each wash session consisted oftwo washes performed in succession. During product application, studypersonnel dispersed 0.2 ml of the designated liquid cleanser onto amoistened Masslinn towel and squeezed slightly to generate lather. Alltest sites were washed for 10 seconds, followed by a 90 second latherretention, 15 seconds rinse with warm water, and then patted dry with aMasslinn towel.

Visual evaluation of dryness and erythema were conducted three timesdaily (before washed 1 and 3 and 2 hours after wash 4) and twice on lastday of the product application phase (before wash 1 and before finalinstrument readings). Instrumental ServoMed was used to measuretransepidermal water loss (TEWL) done at baseline (Day 1 before wash 1)and endpoint (3 to 5 hours after the last wash session on either Day 5or Day 7 or when a test site was discontinued form further productapplication). Skicon for the measurement of conductance and Corneometerfor capacitance reading were done twice daily (before wash 1 at A.M.,and 2 hours after wash 4 at P.M.) and at baseline and endpoint (3 to 5hours after the last wash session on either Day 5 or Day 7 or when atest site was discontinued from further product application). Subjectcontinued using unscented Dove® bar (formulation noted below) for allgeneral bathing, excluding the lower legs and continued not usingmoisturizers, lotions, sunscreens, or washing appliances throughout theproduct application phase.

Unscented Dove® ingredient listing: sodium cocoyl isethionate, stearicacid, sodium tallowate; or sodium palmitate, sodium stearate, water,sodium isethionate, lauric acid, sodium C₁₄-C₁₆ olefin sulfonate, sodiumcocoate or sodium palm kernalate; sodium chloride, maltol, dipropyleneglycol, tetrasodium EDTA, tetrasodium etidronate, titanium dioxide.

Example 1

In order to demonstrate that there is a need to make milder cleanserformulations (e.g., liquid cleansers) without using very large amountsof, for example, petrolatum and mineral oil, applicants compared patchtest results of three (3) leading commercial skin care body washes asset forth in Table 1 below. The table ingredients and brief comments areset forth below.

TABLE 1 Patch Test Score of leading commercial skin care body washliquids 0.5% Dove Deep Olay Ultra Olay butter SDS Moisture MoistureRibbon Composition Tested Solution Body Wash Body Wash Body Wash Patchtest Total 783 — 987 970 irritation score Total irritation score 100% —126% 123% compared to 0.5% SDS solution Patch test Total 912 1023 — —irritation score Total irritation score 100% 112% — — compared to 0.5%SDS solution % oil —  13% Not available  45%

Three leading commercial skin care liquid cleansers—i.e. Dove DeepMoisture Body Wash (ingredient list: water, sunflower seed oil, sodiumlaureth sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine, glycerin, petrolatum, lauricacid, cocamide MEA, fragrance, santalum album oil, guarhydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, lanolin alcohol, PEG-30dipolyhydroxystearate, DMDM hydantoin, EDTA, citric acid, etidronicacid, TiO₂); Olay® ultra moisture body wash (ingredient list: water,petrolatum, ammonium laureth sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodiumlauroamphoacetate, lauric acid, fragrance, trihydroxystearin, sodiumchloride, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, citric acid, DMDMhydatoin, sodium benzoate, EDTA, niaciamide, PEG-14M, butyrospermumparki extract, tocopheryl acetate, retinyl palmitate; and Olay® ButterRibbons body wash (ingredient list: water, petrolatum, mineral oil,sodium trideceth sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodiumlauroamphoacetate, sodium chloride, trideceth-3, fragrance, simmondsiachinensis (Jojoba) butter, citric acid, guar hydroxypropyltrimoniumchloride, acrylonitrile/methacrylonitrile/methylmethacrylate copolymer,isopentane, xanthan gum, sodium benzoate, PEG-90M, disodium EDTA,methylchloro isothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, sodium hydroxide,Red 7, Green 6) were evaluated in patch test compared to the standard0.5% SDS (Na dodecyl sulfate) solution. The results are summarized inTable 1.

As shown in the table, the total irritation score for all three leadingcommercial skin care body washes is higher than the 0.5% SDS solution.To achieve superior moisturizing benefit, very high level of emollientoils, such as Olay Butter ribbon containing more than 45% petrolatum andmineral oil, are used in these products.

The results clearly show that there is a need to make milder liquid asdefined in this invention, for skin care liquid cleanser application toachieve superior skin cleansing and skin moisturizing benefit withoutthe need of using very high level of emollient oils as current leadingcommercial skin care body washes. The examples of this invention notedbelow show that liquid cleanser compositions containing the super mildsurfactant system as defined in this invention, having significantlylower level of petrolatum, can achieve similar or better skin carebenefit, as shown in clinical studies, than even a leading commercialbody wash containing more than 45% of emollient oils (Olay® ButterRibbon).

Examples 2-5 and Comparatives A-F

The examples in the table below were prepared for mildness comparisonusing the Patch Test method. All the examples were prepared by mixingall the ingredients except perfume and glydant plus at 70 to 75° C. for30 to 40 minutes to form a uniform mixture. Perfume and glydant pluswere added below 40° C. The pH of the samples was adjusted with NaOH orcitric acid solution to the range of 6.4 to 7.0 at the end ofpreparation.

Table 2 is set forth below:

Example No. 2 3 4 5 Comparative example A B C D E FCocoamidopropylbetaine 5 5 5.5 — — 4.8 4.8 5 4.5 3.5 Na laurylamphoacetate — — — 2.5 2.5 — — — — — Na lauryl 1EO sulfate — — 4.5 — — —— 5 5.5 6.8 K cocoyl glycinate 5 5 — 2.5 2.5 — — — — — Na cocoylglycinate — — — — — 2.5 2.5 — — — Na lauroyl sarcosinate — — — — — 2.52.5 — — — Na cocoyl isethionate — 2 — — — — — — 2 — (Joranpon CI) Nafatty acyl isethionate — 10 12 — 4 4 2 — 10 12 product Lauric acid 1 —2.5 0.6 0.6 2.4 2.4 1 — 3.0 Jaguar C13S 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.05 — — — 0.1 0.30.3 Jaguar C17 — — — — 0.2 — — — — — Lamberty BF17 — — — — — 0.5 0.5 — —— Pure Gel B990 Starch 7 — — 5 5 6 6 — — — Glycerin 30 30 5 10 10 6 6 3030 5 Petrolatum 20 20 6 20 20 30 30 20 20 6 Soybean oil — — — — — — — —— — Glydant plus 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Perfume 1 1 10.6 0.6 1 1 1 1 1 Total irritation score as 92.3% 70.0% 87.6% 83.6%50.4% 40.1% 49.2% 104% 91.6% 99.6% % of 0.5% SDS solution

The total irritation score as percentage compared to 0.5% SDS solutionfor each sample are also given in Table 2. Lower percentage of totalcumulative irritation score (by percentage) indicates milder surfactantsystem. As shown in the table, Comparative Examples D, E and Fcontaining high level of sodium alkyl ether sulfates, mild syntheticsurfactants widely claimed in mild liquid cleanser patents and which aremost widely used in current commercial mild personal care liquidcleansers, all have very high total irritation score with numbers higheror almost same as the 0.5% SDS solution even for the liquid (ComparativeExample D), containing 50 wt. % of NaLES and 50 wt. % amphotericsurfactant (cocamidopropyl betaine). To make mild liquid compositionwith cumulative irritation score significantly lower than 0.5% SDSsolution (defined as less than 90% of 0.5% SDS total irritation score),alkyl ether sulfates level has to be reduced (see Comparative B relativeto Comparative F where reduction went from 99.6% to 87.6% score) orremoved altogether (see Comparative C versus D, E and F).

A surprising and unpredictable finding is that the combination of afatty acyl isethionate surfactant product to the liquid composition canenhance the mildness of other synthetic surfactant (e.g., alkanoylsurfactants) when levels of anionic and nonionic are minimized. Thisspecific fatty acyl isethionate product contain about 50 wt. % of fattyacyl isethionate surfactant with about 30% of the fatty acyl group equalto or longer than 16 carbon, and about 35 wt. % of linear fattyacid/linear fatty soap in which about 79 wt. % of the fatty acid/fattysoap have 16 to 20 carbons. This is seen, for example, in comparingComparative A (no isethionate product) to Examples 2 and Comparative Cto Example 3.

It was unexpected that addition of any extra surfactants, which might beexamples to introduce irritation (fatty acyl isethionate surfactantproduct), can enhance mildness of other synthetic surfactants.

The combination of this fatty acyl isethionate product with alkanoylsurfactant(s) defined, however, provides synergy to lower the irritationof liquid cleanser.

Examples 6-8 and Comparatives G-J

In order to further show benefits of the invention, applicants conductedLCAT clinical tests for compositions set forth in the table below:

TABLE 3 Example No. 6 7 8 Comparative example G — H — — I J Na fattyacyl — 10 — 4 4 — — isethionate product HEBE noodle Na cocoylisethionate — 2 — — — — — Na cocoamidopropyl 5 5 4.4 4.4 4.8 5 2 betaineNa lauryl — — — — — — — amphoacetate K cocoyl glycinate 5 5 — — — — — Nacocoyl glycinate — — 4.6 4.6 2.5 — — Na laurath (1EO) — — — — — 5sulfate Na laurath (3EO) — — — — — — 9 sulfate Na lauryol sarcosinate —— — — 2.5 — 3 Cocomono- — — — — — 1 ethanolamide Lauric acid 1 0 0.8 0.61.8 1 2.5 Cationic guar 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 — 0.1 0.35 Jaguar C13S Cationicguar — — — — 0.5 — — Lamberti cosmetic BF7 Glycerin 30 30 10 10 6 30 —Petrolatum 18 20 30 30 10 18 40 Penreco Snow White Indopol H1500 2 — — —2 2 — polybutene Indopol H300 — — — — — — 3 polybutene Pure gel B990starch 7 — 6.5 5 6 7 — Perfume 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LCAT clinical resultsTEWL >R >R = >R = = >R Conductance = >R >R >R >R = = Visual dryness= >R >R >R = = = CAPACITANCE >R >R >R >R = = = ERYTHEMA >R >R >R >R = >R=

Seven samples with composition shown in Table 3 were prepared using thesame procedure as described above for LCAT (Leg Controlled ApplicationTechnique) clinical study. The LCAT clinical results conducted accordingto the method disclosed in this patent are also summarized in Table 3.In the LCAT study, Olay Butter Ribbon Body Wash containing more than 45%petrolatum is used as the control for comparison. A “=” sign indicatesthere is no significant difference between the test sample and the OlayRibbon Butter. A “>R” means the test sample is significantly better thanOlay Butter Ribbon in that clinical measurement. If the test sample issignificantly worse than Olay Butter Ribbon, “<R” will be shown in thatspecific clinical measurement.

Several interesting observations may be made from the results in theTable.

From Comparative I and J, it can be seen the compositions containinganionic (alkoxylated sulfate) have typical parity with Olay® (which hasmore than 45% petrolatum). From Comparative G, it can be seen thatremoval of this anionic alone improves clinical results. Examples 6 and7 clearly show that combination of isethionate product and definedalkanoyl provide clinical superiority. While Comparative H (usingglycinate and no alkoxylated sulfate) shows superiority, it is notedthat, at equal levels of petrolatum, Example 7 is even superior. Example8 shows that, even at levels of 10% petrolatum, the surfactant system ofthe invention provided mildness at par or perhaps slightly better thanthe formulation with more than 45% petrolatum. This is a trulyunpredictable achievement.

Examples 9-10

TABLE 4 Example No. 9 10 Na fatty acyl isethionate product noodle 1 4 Nacocoamidopropyl betaine 6 6 Na cocoyl glycinate 4 4 Na lauryolsarcosinate 1 1 Lauric acid 1.6 0.8 Cationic guar 0.2 0.2 DC1788 siliconoil emulsion 3 3 DC7123K silicon oil emulsion 1.67 1.67 Zinc pyrithione2.08 2.08 Pure gel B990 starch 8 8 Glydant plus 0.1 0.1 EDTA* 0.0770.077 Methyl paraben 0.2 0.2 Perfume 0.8 0.8 *ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid

Examples 9 and 10 with composition shown in table 4 were prepared foranti-dandruff shampoo application.

1. A liquid cleansing composition comprising: (1) 1 to 30% by wt. of asurfactant system comprising: (a) 20 to 85% of surfactant system of analkanoyl surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkanoylglycinate, alkanoyl sarcosinate, and mixtures thereof wherein the alkylgroup on the alkanoyl chain is C₈ to C₂₀; (b) 5 to 70% of surfactantsystem of a fatty acyl isethionate product which product comprises 40 to80% fatty acyl isethionate and 15 to 50% free fatty acid and/or fattyacid salt, wherein greater than 25% and less than 45% of the fatty acylisethionate is of chain length C₁₆ or greater; and greater than 50% ofchain length of free fatty acid and fatty acid soap groups combined areof chain length C₁₆ to C₂₀; wherein anionic and nonionic surfactantother than alkanoyl surfactant and isethionate product of (a) and (b)comprises 3% or less of anionic and nonionic surfactant; anionicsurfactant other than (a) and (b) comprises 0.2% or less of anionic; and(2) 1 to 60% by wt. skin/or hair benefit agent with particle size in therange of 0.01 to 30 micrometers. (3) 0.1 to 1.5% cationic polymer (4)2.5% or less of lauric acid wherein said liquid cleansing compositionforms cationic polymer/benefit agent flocs having a length of 5micrometers or longer upon dilution of the cleansing composition with 50times or more of water.
 2. A composition according to claim 1 comprising2 to 25% by wt. of said surfactant system comprising components (a) and(b).
 3. A composition according to claim 1 comprising 30 to 75% by wt.alkanoyl surfactant.
 4. A composition according to claim 1 whereinsurfactant of (a) comprises mixtures of alkanoyl glycinate and alkanoylsarconsinate at ratio of from 1/0 to 1/3.
 5. A composition according toclaim 1 wherein irritation score, as defined in patch Test, ofcomposition of claim 1 is less than 90% of irritation score of sodiumdodecyl sulfate solution measured in the same Patch Test.
 6. Acomposition according to claim 1 wherein irritation score is less than75% of irritation score of sodium dodecyl sulfate solution.
 7. Acomposition according to claim 1 comprising 2% or less anionic andnonionic surfactant.
 8. A composition according to claim 1 comprising0.2% or less anionic or nonionic.
 9. A composition according to claim 1in which the surfactant system comprises 20 to 80% of surfactant systemamphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant.
 10. A composition accordingto claim 1 in which anionic or nonionic surfactant comprise less than30% of total glycinate, sarcosinate, isethionate product and optionalamphoteric and zwitterionic found in the composition.
 11. A compositionaccording to claim 1 wherein said flocs have a length of 10 micrometersor longer.